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WHAT ARE GEOTECNOLOGIES |
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Also known as "Geoprocessing", the geotechnologies are a group of techonolgies to collect, to process, to analyse and publishing of informations with geographical reference. They are composed by harware, software and peopleware solutions, that together they constitute in powerful tools for decision making.
Among these geotechnologis are GIS - Geographic Information System, Digital Carthography, Satellites Remote Sensing, Global Positioning System, Classic Topography and others.
With the evolution of the geoprocessing technology and graphics softwares, lots os new words appeared to specify each speciallity. The name Geographic Information System - GIS- is used in many situations and is confused with geoprocessing. The geoprocessing is a wider concept and means any kind of georeferencied data processing, while GIS process graphic data and not graphics (alphanumeric) with emphasis in spacial analyses and surfaces modeling.
Second the british magazine Nature (jan/2004) geotechnologies are among the top three most importants emergents market, along with nanotechnology and biotechnology.
MAIN APPLICATIONS
MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT
This is one classic use for geotechnologies. Esteem that about 80% of activities realized in a city hall are dependents of the localization factor.
For urban planning actions, GIS are able to join city maps and database with the information that is important to the planner. For example, is possible to find where are the health units X users, school locations X potentially students locations, or any others data crossing that emphasizes the spacial component.
Health units can find on map endemic occurrences and act directly in the places that it occur, raisign the chance of sucess. To the propriety owners, is possible to relate urban registers X it spacial location X charged values X situation of the contributor.
Professional Profile: cartographers, geographers, architects, urban administrators, statiticals, analysts of systems, among others, involved with the city public administration.
ENVIRONMENT
How to monitor the environment, mainly in remote regions? How to know and to manage enormous and distant regions as the Amazon region, for example? The geo tools, mainly the remote sensing (images of satellites and radars), have been intensively used for this porpose.
Professional profile: biologists, agronomists, ambientalists, botanical, among others, involved with activities related to the environment and its monitoring.
STRATEGICAL BUSINESS PLANNING
The new concepts of business intelligence cannot do without the geo tools. They are capable to map, literally, some critical factors of the success of a business, answering the questions as: where are the customers, where are the suppliers, where the competitors, among others, that allow the companies to act and to decide with much more precise information on its businesses. These applications of the geotechnologies have been called geomarketing or studies of market geography.
Professional profile: administrators, marketing analysts, statisticians, consultants of strategical management, consultants of business intelligence, among others, involved with business-oriented activities related to the strategical planning.
AGROBUSINESS
There are several applications of the geotecnologies for the agrobusiness .The use of images of specific satellites and softwares allows to monitor and to foresee harvests. In the same way, the domain of the geographic component allows to optimum planning and use of the ground, management of hidrographics basins and treatment of curves of level for plantation and detention of plagues.
Another aplication is the one called Precision Agronomy . that consists in make use of GPS equipaments and GIS systems allowing the treatment and data analysis colected in the field.
Professional profile: agricultural agronomists, surveyors, engineers, forest engineers, agricultural among others, involved administrators with activities related to agriculture.
UTILITIES
The public services of sanitation, electric energy and telecommunications can be used the geotecnologies to relate its nets of distribution to other information of its data bases.
Particularly, the market of telecommunications is if approaching to the geo market, creating a new segment, call of LBS (Location Based Services), that it can be defined as being a solution for a dependent problem of localization (or the factor localization adding value to other services), allowing portable or mobile equipment. The LBS solutions, however, are projected to be accessible through connections with and without wire, web browsers and pagers.
Professional profile: engineers (electricians, of telecommunications, civilians), analysts of systems, among others, involved with activities related to the services of utilities.
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